Pleomorphic Adenoma (Salivary Gland Adenoma) Sarcoadenoma (Eng/Kor) for NCLEX

Modern medicine does not use the term sarcoadenoma anymore.

 

 Is “Sarcoadenoma” still used?

No. It is an obsolete (old) term.
It is no longer used in modern pathology or clinical medicine.

 What was “Sarcoadenoma” referring to?

Historically, sarcoadenoma was an old/archaic term used to describe benign salivary gland tumors, usually what we now call:

✔ Pleomorphic Adenoma (다형선종 / 침샘선종)

This is the correct, modern, universally accepted name.

 

 

 

Why the term disappeared

Modern pathology updated the terminology to reflect histology more accurately.
Therefore:

Sarcoadenoma → OUTDATED
Pleomorphic adenoma → CURRENT official name

No medical textbooks or guidelines use "sarcoadenoma" anymore.

Korean Explanation (한국어 설명)

 “Sarcoadenoma”는 더 이상 사용되지 않는 의학 용어입니다.

과거에 침샘의 양성 종양을 부를 때 사용된 옛 용어입니다.

현재는 모두 다음의 용어로 대체되었습니다:

 Pleomorphic Adenoma (다형선종)

또는
Salivary gland adenoma (침샘선종)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pleomorphic Adenoma (Salivary Gland Adenoma)

 

1. Definition (정의)

English:
Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor of the salivary glands, especially the parotid gland.
It consists of both epithelial and myoepithelial cells (mixed tumor).

Korean:
다형선종은 가장 흔한 침샘(타액선) 양성 종양으로, 특히 **귀밑샘(이하선)**에서 많이 발생합니다.
상피세포와 근상피세포가 함께 존재하는 혼합종양입니다.

2. Causes / Risk Factors (원인 및 위험요인)

• Exact cause unknown
• Exposure to radiation
• Middle-aged adults
• Female > Male (slightly)

Korean:

• 정확한 원인 불명
• 방사선 노출
• 중년층에서 흔함
• 여성에서 약간 더 흔함

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Main Characteristics (주요 특징)

English:

• Slow-growing mass
• Painless, firm, mobile lump in salivary gland
• Usually in parotid gland
• Can grow large if untreated
• Risk of malignant transformation (carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma)

Korean:

• 서서히 자라는 종괴
• 통증 없는, 단단하고 잘 움직이는 덩어리
• 대부분 이하선에서 발생
• 방치 시 큰 크기로 성장 가능
• 악성으로 변할 위험이 있음

4. Symptoms (증상)

English:

• Painless swelling near jaw/ear
• Facial asymmetry
• Difficulty chewing if large
• Rarely facial nerve compression

Korean:

• 턱 또는 귀 주변 무통성 종창
• 얼굴 비대칭
• 큰 경우 씹기 불편
• 드물게 안면신경 압박

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5. Diagnosis (진단)

English:

• Physical exam
• Ultrasound or CT/MRI
• Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy
• Confirmed by pathology

Korean:

• 신체검사
• 초음파, CT/MRI
• 세침흡인(FNA) 생검
• 병리 검사로 확진

6. Treatment (치료)

Non-medical (비약물)

• Surgical excision is the only effective treatment
• Parotidectomy (superficial or total) depending on tumor location
• Must preserve facial nerve

Medical (약물)

• No medication cures it
• Pain management only if needed

Korean:

비약물 치료

• 수술적 제거가 유일한 치료법
• 종양 위치에 따라 이하선 절제술 시행
• 안면신경 보존 중요

약물 치료

• 종양을 없애는 약물은 없음
• 필요한 경우 통증 조절 정도

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7. Nursing Considerations (간호중재)

Pre-op (수술 전)

• Assess facial nerve function
• Explain procedure & nerve injury risk

Post-op (수술 후)

• Monitor for facial nerve palsy
• Assess for hematoma, infection
• Maintain drain patency
• Soft diet if chewing discomfort
• Emotional support regarding facial changes

8. Patient Teaching (환자 교육)

• Avoid trauma to surgical site
• Report facial weakness immediately
• Follow-up important due to recurrence risk
• Tumor grows slowly but can become malignant if untreated

9. Key Points (핵심 요약)

• Most common benign salivary gland tumor
• Painless, slow-growing, mobile mass
• Occurs mostly in parotid gland
• Surgery is the only definitive treatment
• Must avoid damaging facial nerve
• Risk of recurrence or malignant transformation