Total Knee & Hip replacements (Osteoarthritis), Degenerative disc disease 무릎 인공관절 치환술, 고관절 인공관절 치환술, 퇴행성 디스크 질환

 

 

Joint & Spine Conditions Table | 관절 및 척추 질환 요약 표

Category	Total Knee Replacement 무릎 인공관절 치환술	Total Hip Replacement 고관절 인공관절 치환술	Degenerative Disc Disease 퇴행성 디스크 질환
Definition 정의	Surgery to replace damaged knee joint surfaces, often due to osteoarthritis. 골관절염 등으로 손상된 무릎 관절을 인공 관절로 교체하는 수술	Surgery to replace damaged hip joint with artificial parts. 손상된 고관절을 인공 관절로 교체하는 수술	Spinal discs wear down over time, causing pain and stiffness. 척추 디스크가 노화로 인해 닳아 통증과 경직을 유발하는 상태
Symptoms 증상	- Knee pain and stiffness - Difficulty walking or climbing stairs - Swelling and deformity 무릎 통증, 경직, 걷기/계단 오르기 어려움, 부종	- Hip pain (groin, thigh) - Difficulty walking or standing - Stiffness and reduced mobility 고관절 통증(사타구니, 허벅지), 걷기/서기 어려움, 경직	- Neck or back pain - Pain worsens with movement - Numbness or tingling 목/허리 통증, 움직일 때 악화, 저림 또는 감각 이상
Safety Tips 안전 수칙	- Follow rehab exercises - Avoid high-impact activities - Prevent falls 재활 운동 수행, 고강도 활동 피하기, 낙상 예방	- Use assistive devices (walker, cane) - Follow hip precautions post-surgery 보행기/지팡이 사용, 수술 후 고관절 주의사항 준수	- Maintain good posture - Avoid heavy lifting - Stay active with low-impact exercise 바른 자세 유지, 무거운 물건 피하기, 저강도 운동 지속
Tests 검사	- X-rays - MRI or CT scan - Physical exam 엑스레이, MRI/CT, 신체 검사	- X-rays - Blood tests - Physical exam 엑스레이, 혈액 검사, 신체 검사	- MRI or CT scan - Physical exam - Discography (if needed) MRI/CT, 신체 검사, 디스크 조영술 (필요 시)
Treatments 치료	- Joint replacement surgery - Pain management - Physical therapy 인공관절 수술, 통증 조절, 물리치료	- Joint replacement surgery - Rehab and mobility training - Pain relief meds 인공관절 수술, 재활 및 이동 훈련, 진통제	- Pain relief meds - Physical therapy - Surgery (if severe) 진통제, 물리치료, 수술 (심한 경우)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. Total Knee Replacement (TKR) & Total Hip Replacement (THR)

What is it?

• Surgery to replace a worn-out joint (usually from osteoarthritis = “wear and tear” joint disease).
  
  
• Damaged bone & cartilage are removed → replaced with metal/plastic prosthesis.
  
  

Key Signs & Symptoms (before surgery, from OA):

• Joint pain & stiffness
  
  
• Decreased movement
  
  
• Swelling, grinding/cracking sounds
  
  
• Trouble walking, climbing stairs, or daily activities
  
  

Safety Tips (post-surgery):

• Prevent falls (joint is fragile while healing)
  
  
• Use walker or cane as directed
  
  
• Follow physio/exercise plan to regain strength & mobility
  
  
• Watch for signs of infection (redness, fever, drainage) or blood clots (leg swelling, pain)
  
  
• Don’t cross legs (hip replacement – risk of dislocation)
  
  

Tests / Treatments Ordered:

• X-rays of joint
  
  
• MRI (sometimes)
  
  
• Blood work before surgery
  
  

Common Treatments (before surgery):

• Pain meds (acetaminophen, NSAIDs)
  
  
• Injections (corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid)
  
  
• Physical therapy
  
  
• Weight management, exercise
  
  

Common Treatments (surgery):

• TKR or THR surgery
  
  
• Post-op pain meds
  
  
• Rehab/physiotherapy
  
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Degenerative Disc Disease (DDD)

What is it?

• Spinal discs (shock absorbers between vertebrae) wear down → less cushion.
  
  
• Can cause pain, stiffness, or nerve compression.
  
  
• “Disease” is a bit misleading – it’s a natural aging/degenerative process.
  
  

Key Signs & Symptoms:

• Back or neck pain (worse with sitting, bending, lifting, twisting)
  
  
• Pain may improve with walking or lying down
  
  
• Tingling, numbness, or weakness if nerves are pinched (sciatica)
  
  

Safety Tips:

• Avoid heavy lifting or twisting movements
  
  
• Stay active (too much bed rest makes it worse)
  
  
• Keep healthy weight to reduce pressure on spine
  
  
• Report loss of bladder/bowel control → emergency (could mean nerve compression/cauda equina)
  
  

Tests / Treatments Ordered:

• X-ray, MRI, or CT scan
  
  
• Nerve studies if numbness/weakness present
  
  

Common Treatments:

• Pain meds (NSAIDs, acetaminophen)
  
  
• Physical therapy & core strengthening
  
  
• Heat/ice, posture correction
  
  
• Injections (epidural steroid)
  
  
• Surgery (discectomy, spinal fusion, or artificial disc) if severe
  
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Quick Comparison:

• TKR/THR (Osteoarthritis): Joint “wear & tear,” treated with replacement surgery if severe.
  
  

DDD: Spine discs wear down, causes back/neck pain ± nerve symptoms.