Pulmonary Embolism & Venous Thromboembolism 폐색전증, 정맥 혈전색전증

 

 

 

 

Blood Clot Conditions Table  혈전 질환 요약 표

Category	Pulmonary Embolism (PE) 폐색전증	Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) 정맥 혈전색전증
Definition 정의	A blood clot blocks blood flow in the lungs, often from a leg vein. 다리 정맥에서 생긴 혈전이 폐로 이동해 혈류를 막는 상태	A blood clot in a vein, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). 정맥 내 혈전으로 DVT와 PE를 포함하는 질환
Symptoms 증상	- Sudden shortness of breath - Chest pain (worse with deep breath) - Cough (may include blood) - Rapid heartbeat 갑작스러운 숨 가쁨, 깊은 숨에 악화되는 가슴 통증, 기침(혈액 포함 가능), 빠른 심장 박동	- Swelling, pain, redness in leg or arm (DVT) - Shortness of breath, chest pain (PE) - Lightheadedness or fainting 다리/팔의 부종, 통증, 발적(DVT), 숨 가쁨, 가슴 통증(PE), 어지러움 또는 실신
Safety Tips 안전 수칙	- Seek emergency care for sudden symptoms - Avoid long immobility (e.g., flights) - Use compression stockings if advised 갑작스러운 증상 시 응급 치료, 장시간 움직이지 않음 피하기, 압박 스타킹 착용	- Stay active after surgery or illness - Take prescribed blood thinners - Know your risk factors (e.g., cancer, clotting disorders) 수술/질병 후 활동 유지, 처방된 혈액 희석제 복용, 위험 요인 인지
Tests 검사	- CT pulmonary angiography - D-dimer blood test - Chest X-ray 폐 CT 혈관조영술, D-이합체 혈액 검사, 흉부 엑스레이	- Ultrasound (for DVT) - D-dimer test - CT scan (if PE suspected) 초음파(DVT 확인), D-이합체 검사, CT 스캔(PE 의심 시)
Treatments 치료	- Anticoagulants (blood thinners) - Thrombolytics (clot-busting drugs) - Oxygen therapy or surgery (if severe) 혈액 희석제, 혈전 용해제, 산소 치료 또는 수술(심한 경우)	- Anticoagulants - Compression therapy - Lifestyle changes to prevent recurrence 혈액 희석제, 압박 요법, 재발 방지를 위한 생활 습관 개선

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)

What is it?

• A blood clot that starts in a vein.
  
  
• Includes:
  
  

Key Signs & Symptoms (DVT):

• Swelling in one leg
  
  
• Pain or tenderness (often calf)
  
  
• Warm, red skin over clot area
  
  

Safety Tips:

• Don’t massage/swallow swelling (can dislodge clot)
  
  
• Get up and move after long travel/bedrest
  
  
• Take blood thinners exactly as prescribed
  
  

Tests / Treatments Ordered:

• Ultrasound of leg (for DVT)
  
  
• D-dimer blood test
  
  
• CT scan (if concern for PE)
  
  

Common Treatments:

• Blood thinners (heparin, warfarin, DOACs like apixaban)
  
  
• Compression stockings
  
  
• Rarely, clot-busting drugs (thrombolytics) or clot removal
  
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

What is it?

• A piece of a clot (usually from a leg DVT) that breaks off and lodges in the lung.
  
  
• Blocks blood flow to part of the lung → medical emergency.
  
  

Key Signs & Symptoms:

• Sudden shortness of breath
  
  
• Chest pain (worse with deep breaths)
  
  
• Rapid heart rate
  
  
• Cough (sometimes with blood)
  
  
• Lightheadedness, fainting
  
  

Safety Tips:

• Call emergency services if PE suspected (life-threatening)
  
  
• Report sudden chest pain, fainting, or severe SOB immediately
  
  
• Stay on prescribed anticoagulants to prevent recurrence
  
  

Tests / Treatments Ordered:

• CT pulmonary angiogram (gold standard)
  
  
• V/Q scan (ventilation-perfusion scan)
  
  
• D-dimer blood test
  
  
• Echocardiogram (if severe)
  
  

Common Treatments:

• Blood thinners (long-term, to prevent new clots)
  
  
• Oxygen therapy
  
  
• In severe/life-threatening cases:
  
  

 

 

 

 

 In short:

• VTE = umbrella term (includes DVT + PE).
  
  
• DVT = clot in deep vein (leg/arm).
  
  

PE = clot travels to lungs = emergency.