Pneumonia, COPD & Asthma 폐렴, 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환, 천식

 

 

Respiratory Conditions Table 

 

호흡기 질환 요약 표

Category	Pneumonia 폐렴	COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) 만성 폐쇄성 폐질환	Asthma 천식
Definition 정의	Lung infection causing inflammation and fluid buildup. 폐에 염증과 체액이 생기는 감염	Progressive lung disease that blocks airflow. 폐 기능이 점점 저하되어 공기 흐름이 막히는 질환	Airways swell and narrow due to triggers. 기관지가 부풀고 좁아져 숨쉬기 어려운 상태
Symptoms 증상	- Cough with mucus - Fever - Chest pain - Shortness of breath 기침, 발열, 가슴 통증, 숨 가쁨	- Chronic cough - Wheezing - Shortness of breath - Fatigue 만성 기침, 쌕쌕거림, 숨 가쁨, 피로	- Wheezing - Chest tightness - Cough - Shortness of breath 쌕쌕거림, 가슴 답답함, 기침, 숨 가쁨
Safety Tips 안전 수칙	- Get vaccinated - Seek early treatment - Rest and hydrate 예방접종, 조기 치료, 휴식과 수분 섭취	- Avoid smoking and pollutants - Monitor symptoms - Follow treatment plan 흡연 및 오염물 피하기, 증상 관찰, 치료 계획 준수	- Avoid triggers (dust, smoke, cold) - Use inhalers properly - Follow asthma plan 유발 요인 피하기, 흡입기 올바르게 사용, 천식 관리 계획 따르기
Tests 검사	- Chest X-ray - Blood tests - Sputum culture 흉부 엑스레이, 혈액 검사, 가래 배양 검사	- Spirometry - Chest imaging - Pulse oximetry 폐 기능 검사, 흉부 영상, 산소포화도 측정	- Spirometry - Allergy tests - Peak flow meter 폐 기능 검사, 알레르기 검사, 최대 호기 속도 측정
Treatments 치료	- Antibiotics (if bacterial) - Antivirals (if viral) - Oxygen therapy 항생제, 항바이러스제, 산소 치료	- Bronchodilators - Steroids - Oxygen therapy 기관지 확장제, 스테로이드, 산소 치료	- Inhaled corticosteroids - Bronchodilators - Emergency inhalers 흡입 스테로이드, 기관지 확장제, 응급 흡입기

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. Pneumonia

What is it?

• Infection in the lungs (bacteria, virus, or fungi).
  
  
• Causes lung air sacs to fill with fluid or pus.
  
  

Key Signs & Symptoms:

• Cough with phlegm (sometimes blood-tinged)
  
  
• Fever, chills
  
  
• Chest pain when breathing or coughing
  
  
• Shortness of breath
  
  

Safety Tips:

• Take full course of antibiotics (if bacterial)
  
  
• Rest, fluids, avoid smoking
  
  
• Report worsening shortness of breath or high fever
  
  

Tests / Treatments Ordered:

• Chest X-ray
  
  
• Sputum culture
  
  
• Blood tests
  
  
• Oxygen if needed
  
  

Common Treatments:

• Antibiotics (if bacterial)
  
  
• Antivirals (if flu-related)
  
  
• Oxygen, fluids, fever/pain meds
  
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)

What is it?

• Long-term disease that makes it hard to breathe.
  
  
• Airflow is blocked (usually from smoking).
  
  
• Includes chronic bronchitis + emphysema.
  
  

Key Signs & Symptoms:

• Chronic cough with mucus
  
  
• Shortness of breath (worse with activity)
  
  
• Wheezing
  
  
• Frequent lung infections
  
  

Safety Tips:

• Never smoke (and avoid second-hand smoke)
  
  
• Watch for flare-ups (sudden worsening breathing)
  
  
• Use inhalers as prescribed
  
  
• Get vaccines (flu, pneumonia)
  
  

Tests / Treatments Ordered:

• Pulmonary function test (spirometry)
  
  
• Chest X-ray or CT scan
  
  
• O2 saturation test
  
  

Common Treatments:

• Inhalers (bronchodilators, steroids)
  
  
• Pulmonary rehab (exercise + breathing training)
  
  
• Oxygen therapy (if advanced)
  
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Asthma

What is it?

• A chronic condition where airways are inflamed and narrow.
  
  
• Often triggered by allergens, exercise, or cold air.
  
  

Key Signs & Symptoms:

• Wheezing (high-pitched whistling sound)
  
  
• Shortness of breath
  
  
• Chest tightness
  
  
• Cough (especially at night or early morning)
  
  

Safety Tips:

• Know and avoid triggers (dust, smoke, pets, cold air, exercise)
  
  
• Always carry rescue inhaler (albuterol)
  
  
• Report severe attacks that don’t improve with inhaler
  
  

Tests / Treatments Ordered:

• Spirometry (breathing test)
  
  
• Allergy tests
  
  
• Peak flow monitoring (at home)
  
  

Common Treatments:

• Rescue inhaler (albuterol) for quick relief
  
  
• Controller inhaler (steroids, long-acting bronchodilators) for prevention
  
  
• Allergy meds if triggered by allergens
  
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Quick comparison:

• Pneumonia = infection, sudden illness
  
  
• COPD = long-term lung damage (smoking-related), progressive
  
  
• Asthma = inflamed airways, reversible with meds, triggered