2025. 7. 22. 14:33ㆍIn Canada/nursing study
Aspirin (ASA, acetylsalicylic acid)
Antipyretic, nonopioid analgesics/salicylates
● Indications: inflammatory disorders(rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis), mild to moderate pain, fever, prophylaxis of transient ischemic attacks and MI
● Therapeutic effects: analgesia, reduction of inflammation, reduction of fever, decreased incidence of transient ischemic attacks and MI
● Absorption: well absorbed in upper SI, enteric-coated may be unreliable, rectal slow and variable ● Distribution: rapid and wide
● Metabolism&Excretion: extensively by liver, inactive metabolites excreted by kidneys, amount excreted unchanged by kidneys depends on urine pH
● ADE: GI; GI bleeding, dyspepsia, epigastric distress Misc; hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis, laryngeal edema) ● Dose: Prevention of MI/antiplatelet effects; PO:80-325mg/day, suspected acute MI; 150mg asap
Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA / Aspirin) –
- Adverse Effects: Gastrointestinal bleeding, Stomach ulcers, Nausea ,Tinnitus (ringing in ears), Increased bleeding risk, Allergic reactions (especially in those with asthma)
- Drug Interactions: Increased bleeding risk with warfarin, heparin, thrombolytics, dipyridamole, clopidogrel, tirofiban, eptifibatide (often used safely together/sequentially). Ibuprofen may reduce cardioprotective effect of low-dose aspirin. Increased bleeding risk with cefotetan and valproic acid. Increased activity of penicillins, phenytoin, methotrexate, valproic acid, oral hypoglycemics, and sulfonamides. Urinary acidification decreases reabsorption, lowering serum salicylate levels. Urinary alkalinization or antacids increase excretion, reducing serum salicylate levels. May reduce effectiveness of diuretics and ACE inhibitors. Increased risk of GI irritation with NSAIDs.
- Nursing Interventions: Patients with asthma, allergies, nasal polyps, or tartrazine allergy have higher risk of hypersensitivity reactions. Monitor regularly for signs of DRESS (fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, facial swelling). Stop treatment immediately if DRESS symptoms appear.
Nursing Medication Card – Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin) 아세틸살리실산 (아스피린)
Generic Name (일반명): Acetylsalicylic Acid
Brand Name (상품명): Aspirin, Entrophen, ASA
Drug Class (약물 분류):
- Therapeutic Class (치료적 분류): Antipyretics, Nonopioid analgesics
- Pharmacologic Class (약리학적 분류): Salicylates
Indications / 적응증
- Pain, fever, inflammation
- Prophylaxis of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)
- Arthritis and other inflammatory conditions
- 통증, 열, 염증 완화
- 심근경색, 뇌졸중, 일과성 허혈 발작 예방
- 류마티스 관절염 등 염증성 질환
Therapeutic Effects / 치료 효과
- Analgesic (pain relief)
- Antipyretic (fever reduction)
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antiplatelet (blood thinning effect)
- 진통, 해열, 항염증, 항혈소판 작용
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism & Excretion
- Absorption (흡수): Rapidly absorbed in the stomach and small intestine
- Distribution (분포): Widely distributed; crosses placenta, enters breast milk
- Protein Binding (단백 결합): 80–90%
- Metabolism (대사): Liver
- Excretion (배설): Renal (kidneys)
- 위장과 소장에서 빠르게 흡수되며 간에서 대사되고 소변으로 배설
Adverse Drug Effects / 부작용
Common (일반적):
- GI upset, nausea, heartburn
- 경미한 위장장애, 메스꺼움, 속쓰림
Serious (심각한):
- GI bleeding or ulcers
- Tinnitus (ringing in ears), hepatotoxicity
- Reye’s syndrome (in children with viral infections)
- 위장 출혈 및 궤양, 이명, 간 독성, 라이증후군(소아에서 위험)
Dose / 용량
- Pain/Fever: 325–650 mg PO every 4–6 hrs (max 4g/day)
- Cardiovascular prevention: 81–325 mg PO daily (low dose)
- 진통/해열: 1회 325–650mg, 4~6시간 간격 복용 (최대 4g/일)
- 심혈관 예방: 1일 1회 저용량 81–325mg
Nursing Considerations / 간호 고려사항
- Take with food or a full glass of water to reduce GI irritation
- Monitor for signs of GI bleeding (e.g., black/tarry stools)
- Avoid use in children or teens with viral illness (Reye’s syndrome risk)
- Assess for tinnitus or hearing loss
- 음식 또는 물과 함께 복용
- 출혈 징후 (검은 변 등) 관찰
- 소아 바이러스 감염 시 금지 (라이증후군 위험)
- 이명, 청력저하 여부 확인
Patient Teaching / 환자 교육
- Do not take with alcohol or other NSAIDs
- Inform healthcare provider before surgery (bleeding risk)
- Take exactly as directed; do not exceed dosage
- 음주 또는 다른 소염진통제와 병용 금지
- 수술 전 의료진에게 알릴 것
- 처방량 이상 복용 금지