Nursing Medication card - Sedative Hypnotics, Opioids, Neuromuscular Blockers, Anticholinergics (Kor/Eng)

Sedative Hypnotics, Opioids, Neuromuscular Blockers, Anticholinergics

(간호약물카드 - 진정수면제, 오피오이드, 근이완제, 항콜린제)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Sedative Hypnotics (진정 수면제)

Barbiturates (바르비투르산염)

DrugSecobarbitalThiopental

Indication (적응증)	Short-term insomnia, pre-op sedation	Induction of anesthesia, short surgical procedures
Therapeutic Effects (효과)	CNS depression, sedation	Rapid anesthesia induction
Absorption	Oral (secobarbital), IV (thiopental)	IV
Distribution	Widely, cross BBB	Widely
Metabolism/Excretion	Hepatic, renal	Hepatic, renal
ADE	Respiratory depression, drowsiness, hypotension	Hypotension, respiratory depression
Nurse Consideration	Monitor airway, CNS status	Ensure airway management, respiratory monitoring

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Benzodiazepines (벤조디아제핀계)

DrugDiazepamMidazolam

Indication (적응증)	Anxiety, seizures, muscle spasms	Pre-op sedation, procedural sedation
Therapeutic Effects	Anxiolytic, muscle relaxant	Sedation, amnesia
Absorption	Oral, IV, IM	IV, IM
Distribution	Cross BBB, placenta	Rapid distribution
Metabolism/Excretion	Hepatic metabolism	Hepatic metabolism
ADE	Drowsiness, hypotension, respiratory depression	Respiratory depression, hypotension
Nurse Consideration	Fall risk, monitor vitals	Monitor respiratory status, O2 sat

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Opioids (오피오이드 진통제)

DrugMorphineFentanylSufentanil

Indication	Severe pain	Anesthesia adjunct	Anesthesia adjunct
Therapeutic Effects	Analgesia	Analgesia, sedation	Potent analgesia
Absorption	IV, IM, oral	IV, transdermal	IV
Distribution	Widely	High lipid solubility	Rapid
Metabolism/Excretion	Hepatic, renal	Hepatic	Hepatic
ADE	Respiratory depression, constipation	Respiratory depression, bradycardia	Severe respiratory depression
Nurse Consideration	Monitor RR, sedation, BP	Close O2 monitoring	ICU setting monitoring only

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Neuromuscular Blocking Agents (신경근 차단제)

Depolarizing Agent (탈분극성 근이완제)

DrugSuccinylcholine

Indication	Intubation, rapid sequence induction
Therapeutic Effects	Short-term muscle paralysis
Absorption	IV
Distribution	Rapid
Metabolism/Excretion	Plasma cholinesterase
ADE	Malignant hyperthermia, hyperkalemia
Nurse Consideration	Emergency airway, malignant hyperthermia protocol

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-depolarizing Agents (비탈분극성 근이완제)

DrugRocuroniumPancuroniumVecuronium

Indication	Intubation, surgical paralysis	Surgical paralysis	ICU paralysis
Therapeutic Effects	Skeletal muscle relaxation	Prolonged relaxation	Intermediate-acting relaxant
Onset	Rapid	Intermediate	Intermediate
Duration	Short	Long	Intermediate
ADE	Hypotension, residual paralysis	Tachycardia	Bradycardia, hypotension
Nurse Consideration	Always with ventilator support	Monitor TOF (Train-of-Four)	Reverse with neostigmine if needed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Anticholinergics (항콜린제)

(Mnemonic: Can’t see, can’t spit, can’t pee, can’t shit)

DrugAtropineScopolamine

Indication	Bradycardia, pre-op secretions	Motion sickness, pre-op sedation
Therapeutic Effects	Increase HR, decrease secretions	Antiemetic, decrease secretions
Absorption	IV, IM	Transdermal, IM
Distribution	Cross BBB	Cross BBB
Metabolism/Excretion	Hepatic	Hepatic
ADE	Dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation	Drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision
Nurse Consideration	Monitor HR, urinary output	Educate on patch use, CNS side effects